The advertising of condoms Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

The promoting of condoms - Term Paper Example Condom and pills are similarly famous as techniques for contraception according to information gathered by the Office for National Statistics (Daily Mail, 2009). This was the result of a  £5.2 million battle by the Department of Health directed with the perspective on getting more ladies to convey condoms. Indeed, even in creating nations like Thailand condoms are 90% successful in forestalling HIV transmission (Hearst and Chen, 2004). In any case, in nations, for example, Botswana and Cameroon the offer of condom rose however so did the frequencies of HJIV transmission, along these lines recommending that condom use doesn't diminish HIV and AIDS transmission. No subtleties were accessible of who utilized the condoms. Therefore condom use may be high among the overall population and low among those in high hazard. Once more, conflicting use prompts higher danger of HIV transmission. Condom advancement can be fruitful among business sex laborers in spite of the fact that elevating its utilization to the overall population is troublesome. A few condom-advancing systems have been utilized, for example, free dissemination among sex laborers and bringing down costs however the best methodology has been social showcasing. In Uganda utilization of condom was low until social showcasing started in 1990s. The created and the creating nations had a similar reaction to the advancement of condoms †it would empower sexual movement with condoms instead of energize restraint. This disposition influences ad plan in this area. 2. Social advertising Social promoting utilizes the four showcasing Ps †item, value, arrangement and position †as is utilized for nonexclusive items. For a worldwide procedure of the control of HIV social advertising of condoms has been received as the key component (Cohen , Farley, Bedimo-Etame and Scribner, 1999). In the US when condom was unreservedly conveyed and promptly obvious and available through social insurance offices, the utilization of condoms expanded especially among those at a high danger of HIV and STIs. Condom social promoting in the US was seen as practical, adequate and a promising mediation that supported in lessening the quantity of rates in STDs. There was moderately little resistance to the program from bunches that were generally contradicted to condoms. Social advertising for condoms is utilized both for HIV counteraction and family arranging. Selling condoms falls under social promoting which isn't about pressure or actuation. The social advertisers attempt to actuate change by applying the head of trade (Stead, Gordon, Angus, and McDermott, 2007). It perceives that the change must carry clear profit to the client. Social promoting likewise includes stages, for example, focusing on, situating and figuring the advertising bl end as nonexclusive showcasing. Social promoting is worried about government assistance of the general public and isn't intended to serve the association. This is the quintessence of social promoting. Social advertising has likewise been characterized as the methodical use of showcasing ideas and procedures to accomplish explicit conduct objectives (Lefebvre, 2011). In created nations social promoting takes the course of enticing interchanges for

Food Science for Microwave Heating of Food - myassignmenthelp

Question: Examine about theFood Science for Microwave Heating of Food. Answer: Presentation Microwave is probably the greatest upset in the food innovation. The cutting edge cooking just as way of life is intensely reliant on the microwave. The broiler can warm up the food, however it can cook additionally utilizing the microwave vitality, which is electromagnetic radiation. The instrument demonstrations exceptionally quick and proficiently as it moves the vitality to all the particles inside the food, and with the assistance of the water content present in the food, it gets warmed equitably (Gould 2012). History of microwave returns to the hour of World War II. Dr. Percy Spencer, an American electrical designer, first found that electric floods of the radar innovation can warm the food. He established the primary industrially accessible microwave and named it Radarange (Chen et al. 2014). In 1967, Amana Corporation designed the principal ledge microwave (Regier, Knoerzer and Schubert 2016). The microwave has experienced numerous innovative changes in the previous fifty yea rs. The motivation behind this report is to feature the effect of the radiation on human wellbeing. Issue proclamation It involves banter for long that, since, the broiler applies profoundly ground-breaking radiation on the food; it actuates various kinds of microorganisms and may change the idea of the dietary components in the food, which may not be useful for wellbeing. Thus, regardless of whether the food, warmed in microwave, is dietary and useful for wellbeing is to be tended to in this report. Goals of the report The goals of the report are to discover the advantages and disadvantages of the microwave warming of the food and whether the amazing electric radiation is hurtful for the human wellbeing. The conceivable arrangement of the issue is to utilize ultrasound for food handling and conservation. Body and conversation Outline of current turns of events/progresses in the microwave warming innovation Microwaves are a piece of the electromagnetic waves with a recurrence going between 300 MHz and 300 GHz, comparing to the scope of frequency between 1mm to 1m (Datta and Rakesh 2013). In the food preparing exercises, microwaves are applied for treating, drying, cooking, defrosting solidified food, heating and disinfection. Since its development, the innovation of microwave warming has gotten especially progressed. At first the machine just had the ability to warm the food. Later on, the headway of innovation empowered the alternatives for cooking, barbecuing and preparing as well. In the underlying stage, the high recurrence radio waves were created through vacuum tube radio transmitters, which were utilized in microwaves (Gould 2012). Additional time, short waves were utilized through shortwave transmitters. Lower recurrence dielectric warming is like acceptance warming, having the impact of electromagnetic warming, with close field impacts existing in an electromagnetic cavity. Thi s hole is very little contrasted with the frequency of the electromagnetic field. In the cutting edge microwaves, the dielectric warming innovation with radio recurrence (RF) warming is utilized. In these innovation, lower recurrence radiation is utilized which has a frequency little comparative with the pit and it influences the energized atoms in the food by a rapidly rotating electric field (Meda, Orsat and Raghavan 2017). Advancements in process plan Procedure configuration alludes to the action for assurance of the work process, gear necessity and usage requirements for a particular strategy or procedure. The procedure plan of a microwave is delineated in the figure underneath. Figure 1: Process plan of a microwave (Source: Sce.uhcl.edu 2013) Gear advancements A microwave comprises of the accompanying types of gear. A high voltage wellspring of intensity, in type of basic transformer or electric force converter, passing the vitality to magnetron; high voltage capacitor, which is associated with the magnetron and the transformer and to the frame by means of a diode; a cavity magnetron, changing over the high voltage vitality into the miniaturized scale radiation; microcontroller, which is a magnetron control circuit; short wave manage, metallic cooking load, a turntable and an advanced or manual control board (Puligundla et al. 2013). The plan of the machine has changed quickly in the previous barely any years, when individuals began to utilize it in their family units. The size has gotten minimal and the new machines likewise offer autocook choices with preloaded blend of time and temperature for explicit plans and convection warming innovation (Sun 2012) New applications in food handling/safeguarding The food business is currently beginning to embrace new advances for food preparing and protection. New research contemplates have discovered that use of ultrasound innovation has been advantageous for the handling and protection of food. Ultrasonication is alluded to as the use of the high force influxes of sound at the frequencies between 16 kHz and 100 MHz (Majid, Nayik and Nanda 2015). In the food business, the ultrasound is applied for microbial inactivation alongside frothing, defoaming, degassing, deaeration, cooking, freezing and crystallization, drying, meat tenderizaton, filtration, tenderizing, pickling and marinating, extraction, homogenization or emulsifying, maturing, cutting with ultrasonic blade, cleaning, and catalyst inactivation (nver 2016). It has been seen that ultrasound has been powerful in numerous conventional food preparing and saving tasks and inventive machines and gear have been created to execute the new innovation. This innovation helps in lessening the hour of food preparing as it conveys high reproducibility of food, diminishes the food handling cost, rearranges the molecule control bringing about higher virtue of the food item utilizing less time than the customary food handling frameworks (Jambrak and Herceg 2014). This innovation has a few points of interest, for example, powerful small scale blending, mass exchange of quicker vitality, decrease of warm and focus angles, specific extraction, quicker beginning up, diminished temperature, diminished size of gear, expanded creation and end of the means of the procedures. The handling and safeguarding steps performed under this innovation are believed to be influenced somewhat by the cavitation wonders and the mass exchange improvement (Chemat, Huma and Khan 2011). Be that as it may, use of the ultrasound innovation additionally has a few drawbacks. As per Tang (2015), creation of free radicals can happen, which can harm the food and its healthy benefit. Utilization of this innovation requires elevated level of mastery and profoundly effective apparatuses as determination of fitting abundancy, temperature, power, force, time and weight is amazingly basic to get the ideal outcome. Impact on food quality and security It has involved discussion for long that if the food warmed or cooked in the microwave is useful for wellbeing. The greatest concern is if the warming procedure murders the supplements of the food things. The innovation utilizes shorter radio waves to prepare or warm the food, which are very particular as they influence just the water and not many different atoms which are electrically deviated, with one end emphatically and the opposite end adversely charged. The microwaves cause these particles to vibrate and develop the warm vitality quicker. As to address of executing the supplements in the food, it is discovered that, a few supplements, particularly, nutrient C separates effectively when warmed; and since, microwaves are shorter, they help in protecting those supplements (Ranadheera et al. 2017). Also, if there should arise an occurrence of vegetables, when they are bubbled in water or seared, a portion of the dietary benefit is cleaned out, however when steamed in microwave, th e effectively fragile great supplements of the food don't wash away (Tang 2015). The most ideal approach to hold the food supplements is to cook them rapidly and heat them in a limited capacity to focus time by utilizing almost no measure of fluid. Microwave gives this extension, which is advantageous for wellbeing. Notwithstanding, the food can lose its dietary benefit from the microwaves additionally on the off chance that it isn't cooked utilizing the perfect measure of temperature. Various sorts of food require diverse time and temperature and cap should be kept up. For instance, crude fish, meat and eggs require least 60 degree centigrade to be ok for wellbeing while the vegetables require less temperature (Regier, Knoerzer and Schubert 2016). Microwave warming of food has a significant test of lopsidedness in the warming of food, as the temperature is appropriated unevenly relying upon the state of the food thing. This causes a potential security issue. The malady causing bugs must be killed through microwave when the right mix of temperature and time is applied all through the entire part of the food. Temperature over 60 degree centigrade can kill all bugs known to create food-borne ailment, while a few poisons delivered by those bugs can be heat open minded and remain in the prepared foo d considerably subsequent to applying the right blend of time and temperature (Chandrasekaran, Ramanathan and Basak 2013). Thus, suitable procedure of putting away the food is critical to hold the dietary benefit. End Microwave has become a commonly recognized name in the previous scarcely any years. It has been a progressive creation for the food business for preparing food utilizing shorter radio waves. It has been discovered that microwaves are useful for protecting the dietary benefits of the food as it includes exceptionally limited ability to focus warming and shorter radio waves. In any case, for high hazard food things, for example, meat, fish and eggs, the blend of the time and temperature is basic, which probably won't produce the ideal aftereffect of high nutritious food. New innovations, for example, ultrasound, are being created, which might sub for the microwave warming in future. Be that as it may, with the adva

Essential Tips on Scholarship Essay Writing

Essential Tips on Scholarship Essay Writing Do you want to be sure that your grant will come to you after presenting the application composition? To achieve this, you would better to follow our advice as we give the most successful and forceful prompts. A perfect scholarship essay is almost the crucial factor in consideration your candidacy for the grant, thats why you need to put lots of effort to make the committee have an interest in you. How to Write a Scholarship Essay? The first thing to start is to get acquainted with the target audience, to learn more about the selection criteria and to look through the works which have already won the grant. Next is to know yourself better, evaluate your advantages and disadvantages and search for peculiarities of your character which can attract the committee the most. Writing an excellent scholarship essay implies that your work should be coherent, outstanding and follow given formatting standards. Because, if you do not edit your paper correctly it can almost ruin all your dreams as your sloppy manner of writing can describe you as a lazy, aimless, and disorganized person. Is such a student worth a grant? The answer is obvious â€" he or she does not deserve it! The good understanding of the selection criteria may be rather profitable. In such way, you can find the key factor which fits you the most and focuses on it. The major part of colleges and universities have the similar criteria (for some exceptions of the elite establishments). All the decisions of the judges are based on the objective evaluation and nothing more. The preference is given to the students in need with high scores, and those, who has worked for it for a long time. Your statements must, above all, show that you are an ambitious person doing his or her best to make the world better. The purpose of your application to the grant have to be the front boner. How to write a college scholarship essay question should appear in your mind before the application form is filled and the terms are short. The planning your scholarship achieving well ahead of the action allows you to prepare for the issue without hurry and stress. Thus, you will find the most fitting problem and learn your advantages and disadvantages. There will be time for you to understand the notion of the central theme in full and to search for lexical means and phrases to use in your paper. The language of the article must be simple for reading and coherent, but the excessive use of the same use may lead to stylistic battology. That will spoil every type of writing and push the committee off. Fill your paper with the keywords to indicate the purposes of the work clearly. Making Your Essay Passionate In fact, the person who writes the article is the object of the consideration, so the introduction to your character will bring a lot of humanity and will draw your actual picture. Writing only the facts and results of actions are is just the necessary data which does not show what kind of person you are. Explain the purposes of the action and describe your feeling and emotions. If, for example, you work in an orphan asylum, illustrate the childrens attitude to the process their reaction and how do your deeds help them. Give the reason to the question why do you need to get a grant and why is it so important for these children. Also, you may mention which obstacles you have faced on the path to the set goal. How did they change you and what did you learn from them? Describe the way of overcoming the problems and solutions to them that will show your ability to cope with difficulties which describe you as a strong, purposeful person. Committee loves it so much! The Eight Prompts to Compose the Winning Scholarship Essay We give you the general meaning, aims, and criteria to write your important work and it is time to expose you the practical advice to composing such kind of works. We collect eight useful tips to editing and writing your article: Find the helpful words and phrases to enrich your paper Give relevant information and backgrounds related to you and your occupation. It will be useful to look through the website information of the university or college to which you apply for the grant. Find the keywords and statements which describe their mission and use it in your work. Write about all your prizes, awards and educational goals which you have ever received. Draw an outline of your article. It can be similar to standard essay format, for instance: introduction, body, and conclusion. An introduction gives the primary purpose of applying and some background information. The body consists of the general facts about your achievements and present occupation area. The goals and objectives to get a grant are to be included in this part too. The conclusion summarizing the facts and the ideas together and bring the real necessity of getting the scholarship by your candidacy one more time.

Gluckel of Hameln The Identity of Jewish Women Essay

Women had important roles in seventeenth century Eastern Europe; they were mothers, wives, and businesswomen. They cooked meals, cleaned houses, and educated children. In addition to the domestic roles women played in society, they also played roles in the trade and commerce. Gluckel of Hameln authored one of the earliest-known Jewish memoirs detailing the rise and fall of her own fortunes (Schachter.) She had great judgment for business transactions, and when she was widowed at age 54 she took over her husband’s business to ensure her children’s future. In her memoir, Gluckel describes her marriage as a business partnership, boasting that her husband would turn only to her for business advice. Jewish women of Eastern Europe were far more†¦show more content†¦Gluckel died on September 19, 1724 (Turniansky). The themes of the book â€Å"Memiors of Gluckel of Hameln† showed how family was important to the common Jew in Eastern Europe. Gluckel told her children about their relatives, from their grandparents to their great aunt’s second cousin, because in Jewish society it was especially important to know and respect one’s elders and ancestors. Gluckel wanted to be sure that her children knew â€Å"from what sort of people you have sprung, lest today or tomorrow your beloved children and grandchildren come and know naught of their family† (Hameln [32].) To make sure that her descendants would not be ashamed of their ancestors, she spent much of her time looking for respectable matches for her children. In the situation of Gluckel’s own family, she spoke fondly about her parent’s partnership: prior to the marriage, Gluckel’s mother’s family was destitute since Gluckel’s grandfather died from the plague. Gluckel’s father b rought in The whole mother’s family and treated Gluckel’s grandmother like his own, showing the importance of respecting elderly family. â€Å"Immediately upon his marriage with my mother, my father brought my grandmother into his house and placed her at the head of the table. He provided for her for the rest of her life†¦and honoured her as though she were his own mother† (Hameln [19].) In Jewish society, religion isShow MoreRelatedGluckel of Hameln’s Memoirs1010 Words   |  5 PagesGluckel of Hameln’s memoirs Gluckel of Hameln was a Jewish woman from Hamburg who lived in the seventeenth century. She wrote her lengthy memoirs in Yiddish. Her memoir is regarded to be one of the most important documents for European Jewish history written by a Jewish woman. The diary or the memoirs are addressed to her fourteen children. In 1690, Gluckel became a widow after the death of her husband and the memoirs were a therapeutic way to heal her wounded heart. The diary was used to take

Program Assessment Tools Standards Of Excellence Self...

Running head: Program Assessment Tools 1 Program Assessment Tools Deidre Camper University Baltimore PROGRAM ASSESSMENT TOOLS 2 Program Assessment Tools Standards of Excellence Self-Assessment Tool Background. This tool is sponsored by the United Way of America. This tool is designed for United Way organizations but can be applied to nonprofits for internal evaluation purposes. This tool can be used to: (1) gauge your organization’s current status relative to the Standards of Excellence, (2) identify areas of strength where your expertise could be shared with others; and (3) determine where to focus your organizational development and improvement efforts (â€Å"United Way†, n.d.). This tool is marketed towards United Way organizations but can be applied to nonprofits for internal evaluation purposes. Content Summary. This assessment tool consists of a list of best practices. These practices are divided into 13 categories: 1. Governance, 2. Legal, 3. Organizational Culture, 4. Human Resources, 5. Diversity, 6. Fiscal, 7. Information Technology, 8. Programs, 9. Consumer Awareness Responsiveness, 10. Volunteer Management, 11. Planning, Evaluation Continuous Agency Improvement, 12. Fundraising Revenue Generation and 13. Marketing. Each category is then used to assessShow MoreRelatedThe Seeds Of Nursing Should Be Planted Within The Heads, Hearts And Minds Of Youth Essay1340 Words   |  6 PagesAction Steps The seeds of nursing must be planted in the heads, hearts and minds of youth. Seeing one’s self as a nurse, or a reflection of who you are in a nurse role, is important as children develop ideas about what they want to be when they grow up. To impact the rural nursing shortage long term, more young people must consider a career in nursing, especially those from rural settings. 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The human resource management (HRM) practices include: assessment of the organization’s talent pool, identifying the skill sets required to remain competitive, implement policies and procedures to mold employees’ behaviors, and the tools to measure performance. Employees perceive the HR strategy in terms of returns: career growth, financial, security, and job satisfaction, but organizational leadersRead MoreThe Baldrige Criteria For Performance Excellence And The International Standards Organization1528 Words   |  7 Pagescauses many companies to falter. As forward thinking companies strive to maintain their competitiveness in the marketplace, various tools are available to assist in meeting customers’ needs. The focus of this paper is on two of these tools, the Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence and the International Standards Organization’s (ISO) 9001:2015 set of quality standards. 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Wal-Mart Entry Into India and Its Effect on Indian Retail Environment Free Essays

{draw:rect} Introduction: Wal- Mart is the world’s largest corporation and it is one among the biggest private employer of America. Wal- Mart retail store was established in the year 1962 by Sam Walton Wal-Mart also has doing international operation in United Kingdom, Mexico, Canada and many countries throughout the world. In 1970, a Wal-Mart has listed in New York stock exchange. We will write a custom essay sample on Wal-Mart Entry Into India and Its Effect on Indian Retail Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now The first Sam club membership warehouse opened in 1983. Wal-Mart has different types super stores, super markets, and Wal-Mart discount stores. In the year, 2009 the sale of Wal-Mart employs is $401 billion. The Wal-Mart is world first retail store in the world. www. walmartstores. com) Effects of the Wal-Mart Entry: Negative effect on the Indian small scale industry Since many of the small scale department stores in India are the major contributors to the Indian economy, the entry of Wal- Mart into Indian market creates a lot of negative effect on the Indian small scale industry. This may lead to loose the business to many of the middle and small scale people. Local traders: Local traders from the major of the cities were opposed the entry of retail giant Wal-Mart especially in Delhi because it will affect the local traders or business man and also for small retail shop. They have the issue of domestic traders will be totally neglected. Low price products Wal- Mart in order to capture the Indian market is trying to introduce low price strategy on their products which inturn affect the other local businesses. Local traders later also should implement this pricing strategy which may affect their profit margin. But in return the consumers may benefit a lot from this. Creates excess competition Due to the entry of Wal –Mart into the Indian market the competition may increase between local retailing businesses like Pantaloon, Reliance etc. e can see a tough competition between these business units in future . Supplier’s benefit: Conclusion: From the analysis there is advantages and disadvantages for Wal-Mart to enter in the Indian retailing system. From the arrival of the Wal-Mart to India FDI will be increased in India and most of the retail stores will have the subsidiaries in many of the places to increase the availability of the customer s. Most of the foreign retail outlets is already survive our country. So Wal-Mart can also survive in India if it sets a good strategy for shine and also should be beneficial for the customers and suppliers in the country. Bibliography How to cite Wal-Mart Entry Into India and Its Effect on Indian Retail Environment, Essay examples

Odysseus2 Essay Example For Students

Odysseus2 Essay Literature Essay: Telemakhos VoyageIn the epic the Odyssey, Homer explores a variety of different themes that are prevalent in antiquity. Such themes include the treatment of strangers, hospitality, heroism and honor. Homer uses the character Telemakhos, the son of the main character Odysseus, to help convey the themes of the story. From the beginning when Telemakhos goes out to seek for his father and after he helps his father defeat the suitors, we witness the changes in his character, as we see him grow and mature. His character is shown to be an example hospitality, while he proves himself to be hero like his father and claims his family honor. Hospitality is a very important tradition in antiquity. We can see in the Odyssey that Telemakhos displays many examples of hospitality towards strangers. For example Telemakhos greets Athena who appears as a beggar in this manner, Greetings, stranger! Welcome to our feast. There will be time to tell your errand later, (I:151-152) He says warmly to Athena. Telemakhos greets the stranger and cordially invites him to the feast without question. In the Odyssey, Telemakhos is the epitome of hospitality. The reader knows that the stranger that Telemakhos invites is actually Athena in disguise, to assist Telemakhos in his journey. This reinforces the theme of hospitality, because in Greek myth, gods and goddesses often pose as strangers and beggars to test the peoples generosity. Thus people were inclined to treat others with hospitality. Those who treat others with generosity are often rewarded, such as Telemakhos who is awarded with knowledge of his father and assistance from Athena. Likewise those who lack this trait are often punished by the gods. Take for example the suitors, who compared to Telemakhos, are the opposite of everything hospitality stands for. The suitors according to Telemakhos, are intruders. He describes the suitors in his speech, My house and my good estates are being ruined. / Each day my mothers bu llying suitors come/ to slaughter flocks of mine and my black cattle;/ enemies crowd our home. (IV :336) The suitors are the antithesis of hospitality. They serve as a foil to Telemakhos in that they represent everything that is against Telemakhos. The contrast between Telemakhos and the suitors highlights their different characteristics, showing that Telemakhos is a wonderful generous host while the suitors are ravaging intruders. The suitors, despite rules of hospitality, invite themselves to the homes of others and feast on their hosts expense. They are not only rude; but they invite themselves to the home of Penelope and insult Odysseus in his own home. Telemakhos shows further acts of hospitality when Odysseus poses as a beggar in rags and approaches Telemakhos. Telemakhos welcomes the beggar into his home and treats him like his own father. Telemakhos is the paragon of hospitality in the Odyssey. Hospitality is not taken lightly during Odysseys time. Their views differ vastly from ours. All wanderers and beggars come from Zeus. What we can give is slight but well-meant all we dare, said Eumaios. The Odyssey emphasizes the importance of hospitality to the point where it is almost a religion. It is decreed by Zeus that people must treat these wanderers and beggars with generosity. Besides the theme of hospitality, both Odysseys and Telemakhos are in search to prove their heroic mettle. There are many similarities between Odysseus and his son Telemakhos. Throughout the story, Odysseus goes through a struggle to reach his final destination, which is Ithaca. One of the themes of the Odysseys is about the heros struggle to discover himself. Odysseus ultimate destination is of course Ithaka his own country, where his wife, family and homeland are awaiting him. Telemakhos on the other hand also has similar goals like his fathers. His goal is to defeat Penelopes suitors, and help his father in his goal to return to Ithaca. One suitor comments on Telemakhos, Well now, who knows? Telemakhos might be lost at sea, just like Odysseus/ knocking around in a ship, far from his friends. (II: 345) This quote illustrates the significance of Telemakhos journey. Telemakhos is also figuratively lost in a sea like his father. He is alone in his journey in that he is surrounded with obstacles in Ithaka as Odysseus is surrounded with his obstacles on his journey home. Their journeys are quite the same despite the physical differences in their obstacles. Telemakhoss journey parallels Odysseus journey. Both characters are on a journey to discover their heroism. Their goals are almost impossible. It is apparent that the odds are against them. Telemakhos for example is up against more than a dozen of suitors while Odysseus is up against the gods. Although both their journeys are difficult, the Goddess Athena guides both characters in their journey. Odysseus and Telemakhoss goals converge as Odysseus returns to Ithaca as they plan to defeat the suitors. Preserving the honor is also a major theme in the epic Odysseus. Your father? Well, I must say I marvel at the sight of you: your manner of speech couldnt be more like his one would say No; no boy could speak so well. (III:129) said Nestor. When Telemakhos visits Nestor and Menelaos, they praise him for his well mann ers and his eloquence, much like his father. He represents his fathers honor and reputation. Furthermore Menelaos praises Telemakhos, My lad, what you have said is only sensible, and you did well to speak. Yes that was worthy a wise man and an older man than you are: you speak for all the world like Nestors son. (IV:214) Telemakhos is constantly praised for his hospitality. Likewise Nestor and Menelaos treat Telemakhos in the same manner. From Telemakhos treatment toward others, we can see the growth in his character. His character evolves as he discovers more about himself. He is often referred to as Clear-headed Telemakhos and speaks thoughtfully. Telemakhos begins the story as a nave boy who does not know his way around, but he matures into a man who understands the world and who is up to par with his father. The epic the Odyssey is about a whimsical journey to the unknown. Odysseus encounters exotic lands on his journey home while his son Telemakhos travels different journey to discover his honor and heritage. Throughout the story the themes are revealed through the characters, mainly Telemakhos. The story teaches us the importance of hospitality and that people should treat strangers with the utmost generosity. The Odyssey is a wisdom book in that it teaches us about hospitality, heroism and honor. It depicts Telemakhos as the ideal man that everyone should emulate. Aside from the lessons we learn from the Odyssey, we learn about the culture and traditions of the past by speculating on the Odyssey. Bibliography:

Technology Synthesis Essay free essay sample

Technology is a word that is used to describe advancements, knowledge, creations, and abilities. Every day Technology continues to grow allowing our society to advance in the way we live our lives. Advancement in technology has created people in society to become more knowledgeable while allowing distractions to their everyday life. Technology such as the Internet is a tool that society uses in their everyday life. The Internet is interactive and can provide endless information to people in society. Before the Internet, people had limitations to the knowledge they were able to obtain and it affected the opportunities society had to grow. Author Steven Pinker who wrote the article Mind over Mass Media makes a statement saying â€Å"If you train people to do one thing (recognize shapes, solve math puzzles, or find hidden words), they get better at doing that one thing. † Because the Internet has provided people with more knowledge, different aspects of society have been able to grow i. We will write a custom essay sample on Technology Synthesis Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page e. science. The amount of knowledge that is provided to people is endless. Pinker says â€Å"Knowledge is increasing exponentially†¦Ã¢â‚¬  where people are unable to keep up with the amount of knowledge that is accessible to them, but as they are able to learn, technology will continue to grow. Just like Pinker says â€Å"Far from making us stupid these technologies are the only thing that will keep us smart. † As technology grows the ways of communicating continue to become more effective. We have the ability to communicate through cell phones and the internet. The advancement in technology has invented the way of texting on a cell phone or using the social media on the internet. Lynne Truss, the author of The Joy of Texting, gives a great example of what texting is by saying â€Å"texting is a supremely secretive medium of communication-its like passing a note†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Using the example of passing a note is a great way of interpreting a text because no one knows what the text says and it is in the same silent way of communicating as if you were passing a note. She shares her own thought in the article by saying â€Å"We are in love with effective communication and there’s nothing more effective than sending a messege direct from your phone to someone else’s. † Texting has become an effective way of communicating because you don’t need to call numerous people to be able to say something, but instead create a group text and be able to send a message to all of them in one text. Effective way of communicating through the internet would be through social media sites such as Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, and blogging. The internet gives a person the capability to not only communicate with the people that may be close to him, but the ability to communicate with people all over the world. Author George Russell who wrote the article What Would Happen If You Threw a Revolution and Everyone Showed Up? believes that it is also a more productive way of communicating. Russell says â€Å"Instead of the time waster of Television, we are now being productive because we’re able to â€Å"create and share† with one another via blogs and social media sites such as YouTube. † The Internet can be a way of communicating endless amounts of information on different subjects to people all over the world. Russell believes â€Å"†¦because of the Internet’s inherent massorganizing ability, by using it we are able to contribute to society. † Using the Internet is a great way to effectively communicate awareness to societies all over the world. The ability to communicate effectively has made communication easier for people in society. With the constant advancement in technology comes the distraction of people in society. People are always curious to know what the updates are on their Facebook or what kind of new videos have been uploaded to YouTube. There may be a person who keeps his cell phone by his side at all times and when he hears a â€Å"ding† sound there is an automatic reaction to find out if it was a text or a notification that he has an email. Author of Mind Over Mass Media, Steven Pinker, gives examples of ways to provide self-control â€Å"Turn off email or Twitter when you work, put away your Blackberry at dinner time, ask your spouse to call you to bed at a designated hour. † The examples given by Pinker can be successful ways to provide self-control. There are many people who are addicted to their cell phones. Cell phones can be used for texting, emailing, or phone calls that may be business related. Author of The Joy of Texting, Lynne Truss, was able to point out when people are distracted by a message they have received. Truss said â€Å"†¦there is a new facial expression I have observed which involves a fixed smile and panicky swivelled eyes, which means â€Å"I am still listening to you, but I can see I have a message, but I am honestly still listening to you, I will read the message later, so tell me again, what did you say, I wish I could read my effing message. † Distractions will always be around us, but it is up to us to be able to have self-control and to not allow the advancement in technology to change the way we act. Conclusion: The advancement in technology has been a reality check to people in society. As technology advances, people have the ability to become more knowledgeable and advance in different aspects of life. The tools technology provides to people are effective communication which allows the change and growth to society and the people that live in it. Technology advances so quickly that is hard to keep up with, but it is important to have self-control so that everyday life is not full of distraction. As time goes by technology will continue to grow and provide society with new tools and provide new ways that we live our lives.

Primarks Entry into the Brazilian Apparel Market

Primarks Entry into the Brazilian Apparel Market Executive Summary Since the establishment of Primark in 1969, the company has grown from a local outfit to a global entity. Over the past four decades, the company has expanded its operations from Ireland to over ten nations across Europe.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Primark’s Entry into the Brazilian Apparel Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a result, Primark has emerged as one of the most reputable retailers in the European apparel industry. Investing in offshore markets is proposed as one of the ways to further the growth and success of the entity. Italy and Brazil were the two suggested markets where the company wanted to invest. Following a thorough market analysis, Brazil was selected as the desired new market for Primark. The reason why Brazil was considered as the country of choice is that it is experiencing a rapid growth in its apparel industry. The cost of establishing presence in the country is considerably low. Licensing is the preferred market entry strategy. The approach is less risky and requires little capital and engagement compared to other approaches. Brief Synopsis of the Issue Primark should enter into the Brazilian market to remain competitive and to increase its revenues. Recommendations Primark is one of the most successful retailers in the European apparel industry. As a result, it can succeed in the Brazilian market Licensing is the preferred market entry strategy since it involves minimal risks and involvement. Brazil is the market of choice since it has a rapidly growing apparel industry. Following the licensing process, it is important to monitor the activities of the licensee to safeguard the company’s interests. Background Primark is a British clothing retailer based in Ireland (Jones, Temperley Lima 2009). Since its inception in 1969, the company has continued to expand its market by opening stores across Ireland and other part s of the world, such as Germany, Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, Portugal, Austria, Hungary, Spain, and Belgium (Jones et al. 2009). The organisation made the decision to expand after the realisation that firms have to move from local to global by entering into new markets. Entry into new frontiers is often referred to as globalisation. However, the strategy is characterised by a number of challenges.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Competition is one of the major issues impeding expansion to new markets by a business. As a result, a firm wishing to expand its operations to a foreign country must carry out a market study to determine the opportunities available. The research also highlights the factors that promote business and the entry strategy to be used. Primark’s entry into the Brazilian market will be an important undertaking for the comp any. While there are great opportunities in the country, the apparel industry is also associated with stiff competition (Pinto Souza 2013). The country has a large population of over 190 million people that provides a wide market for the goods. Over the past few years, the country’s apparel industry has continually grown and is currently valued at $50 billion. Analysis of Market Opportunities in Brazil The Porter’s Five Forces driving competition framework is used to analyse the country. Some of the forces involve buyer and supplier power. Others are threat of new entrants, risk of substitute products, and degree of rivalry (Porter 1990). Brazil controls over 11.5 percent of the total retail industry value in America. The apparel industry is one of the best performing sectors in this market. The excellent performance owes to the fact that the industry is experiencing a high growth rate. As a result, competition is low. The situation decreases rivalry among key market players. Reduced rivalry encourages other companies to invest in the market since the industry is viewed as having more room to accommodate additional players. The country’s large population also encourages the entry of new players into Brazil’s apparel industry (MarketLine 2013). Today, the Brazilian fashion industry is controlled by a number of local and multinational companies (Utton 2006). As such, it is characterised by a large number of fashion retail stores. However, it is important to note that Brazilians do not have a lot of disposable income.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Primark’s Entry into the Brazilian Apparel Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As such, a new entrant may opt to target the low end market. The presence of many retailers in the market is an indication that threats to entrants is significantly low compared to other countries. Reduced product differentiation is also of great importance in promoting the entry of new firms into the Brazilian market. Low product differentiation encourages companies to invest in the industry (Utton 2006). The lack of substitutes for apparel products makes it easy for a business to compete favourably with other firms in the sector. New players face few hurdles when investing in the Brazilian apparel industry. For instance, the capital requirement to establish a business in this sector is low compared to other industries, such as construction. There also exists a large number of wholesalers and manufacturers of fashion products. Brazil’s Attractiveness As stated earlier, the Brazilian apparel industry has been experiencing a sharp growth over the past few years. Currently, the growth rate is estimated to be at 6.5 percent annually (Nakanishi 2007). The development reveals that the current market players are strong and reap benefits from their participation in the sector. As a result, any new business wishing to invest in the Brazilian apparel industry must be prepared to face stiff competition and rivalry from existing companies. It is also important to observe that the industry is currently experiencing a rise in online sale of products. Such businesses have reduced the market for retail stores, such as Primark. As such, new entrants are likely to invest in a market that is shrinking. An increase in the demand for custom made goods is reducing the opportunities for retailers in Brazil. Most of these operators stock ready-made products. Companies venturing into the Brazilian fashion industry are likely to enjoy some benefits. Switching costs in the sector are generally low. The factor reduces the cost incurred by new firms intending to invest in the market. Product differentiation is also generally low. The situation allows new entrants to compete favourably with the existing firms.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As such, companies venturing into the country stand to benefit from the opportunities available. The low differentiation in products owes to the fact that most retailers in the apparel industry obtain goods from global manufacturers and wholesalers (MarketLine 2012). New businesses are also required to observe few legal requirements. The most significant cost to be incurred by new entrants into the Brazilian apparel industry involves the acquisition of stock. Most of the retail stores operating in the country depend on wholesalers for the supply of products. Some retailers opt to obtain their merchandise direct from the manufacturers. As a result of the fragmented nature of the supply chain in the industry, suppliers have reduced power over the market (Babu 2012). Market liberalisation in the country also cushions the retail stores against exploitation by the suppliers. As already indicated in this paper, barriers to entry are limited. The reduction in barriers lowers the cost of do ing business in Brazil. The capital requirements for a new retail store in the apparel industry are also considerably low (Belussi Sammarra 2010). Company Situation Analysis The SWOT analysis framework is used for the purposes of reviewing Primark’s situation with regards to its intentions to enter into the Brazilian market. The analysis explores the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with Primark (Porter 2004). It is important to examine the company in order to determine the factors that may affect its establishment in the new market. The analysis will highlight the improvements that need to be made to enhance Primark’s competitiveness. The external factors that may impede the success of the company are also identified (Bravo 2008). Primark’s strengths are likely to promote its success in the Brazilian market. The company has a strong brand name and a good reputation. As a result, the company stands a chance to succeed in the new mark et in spite of competition from a number of both local and multinational establishments (Porter 2004). The company is also well established, especially in the European market. It is expected that the business will record similar success in Brazil based on the fact that the country is experiencing sharp growth in the apparel industry, which is encouraging to new entrants. In addition, the company has a strong supply chain management system that is technologically advanced. Just like any other business, Primark has a number of weaknesses (Porter 2004). To begin with, the firm has been reported to earn low profits in some of the regions where it has previously launched its operations in the world. Such areas include France. Activities, such as online sale of products, have in the past eaten into the market previously controlled by retail stores in Brazil. The profitability of retailers in the country’s apparel industry is therefore expected to lower in the coming years. Customer power at Primark is high owing to the fact that most Brazilians purchase goods as individuals. For instance, the shift in the preference of some of the customers in the country from ready-made goods to custom made products has reduced the market previously controlled by retail stores. Primark can exploit a number of opportunities in the Brazilian market. To begin with, there are few barriers to entry (Bravo 2008). Businesses wishing to invest in the industry are not required to fulfil many legal requirements. Liberalisation of trade in the country has been achieved by removing barriers that would hinder investment from foreign firms. Technological advancement in Brazil also presents Primark with an opportunity to successfully enter into the new market (MarketLine 2013). Through technology, the company can be in a position to make improvements on their supply chains. The Brazilian apparel market is also experiencing a rapid growth. As a result, it is expected that there is a conside rably large number of Insatiable consumers customers. The Brazilian market also poses a number of threats to Primark and other similar firms. To begin with, environmental, global, and social regulations are on the rise (MarketLine 2013). Companies are now expected to exhibit corporate social responsibility. Compliance to such regulations increases the cost of doing business in the country. The global economic slowdown also exposes firms in the apparel industry to the risk of earning reduced profits. A decrease in the disposable income held by customers is also a threat to the entry of Primark into the Brazilian market. The development is likely to reduce the sales volume of company resulting to low profitability (Cattaneo 2010). The preference of the customers is also changing from ready to custom-made products. Readiness to go Overseas Primark is one of the leading retail stores dealing with the sales of clothes, shoes, accessories, and beauty products in Europe. Having started in Ireland in 1969, the company has over the past four decades widened its operations across Europe opening stores in over ten countries. The company has been successful in entering these European markets and has emerged as one of the most reputable brands in the apparel industry. To be able to remain competitive in the global market, Primark needs to extend its operations globally. As a result, they need to carry out market studies on potential countries in order to be able to come up with the most appropriate choice. Primark’s entry into the Brazilian apparel market is likely to be eventful. The country offers Primark a unique investment opportunity in that it is experiencing rapid growth in the apparel industry. Rivalry in the market is also considerably low, which offers an environment that is conducive for a young business to thrive (Petrou 2009). Reduced product differentiation is also likely to be beneficial to Primark since competitors will have no added advantage theref ore offering a level ground for all players in the industry. There are also limited barriers into entry. With the country being a liberal economy, the Brazilian government attempts as much as possible to encourage foreign investment. Although Brazil is associated with great opportunities for businesses in the apparel industry, a number of factors would deter Primark from entering the market. For example, there are several similar local and multinational stores in the country (Jones et al. 2009). As a result, the company will take a long time to out-do such well established businesses. Online sales also threaten the entry of Primark in the Brazilian apparel industry. Despite all these challenges facing Primark’s proposed entry into the Brazilian market, the opportunities that the investment presents outweigh the challenges. The company has also been successfully built its reputation in the global market by providing quality goods to their customers (Jones et al. 2009). For ove r three decades now, the company has successfully entered the major markets in Europe. As a result, the management is capable of overseeing the entry into the Brazilian market effectively. Global Sourcing and Production Global sourcing is the term used to describe the process of obtaining goods and services from foreign markets across political and geographical borders (Manuj 2013). The reason behind the practice is to promote efficiency in the delivery of goods and services. Many companies today use the practice to obtain low cost products from foreign countries. The motive behind this is to cut on the cost incurred when obtaining goods and services. Global production on the other hand refers to producing on a global scale. Such manufactures enjoy a wide range of economies of scale and are in a position to rationalise costs. The two concepts are important for persons wishing to understand international trade. Retail stores across the world source their products from global supplier s and manufactures (Jin 2005). Similarly, Primark has to carefully consider the preferred source for their products. Usually, the company buys its goods from manufactures and suppliers across the globe. The proposal for the firm to move into overseas markets will require that they look for the most efficient means of obtaining goods. It is obvious that Primark cannot continue relying on its previous sources of their products owing to the fact that they will be required to incur huge transportation costs. However, it is important to ensure that the source of the products selected does not affect the quality of the goods and services offered (Jin 2005). Market Entry Strategy The term market entry strategy refers to a carefully pre-planned means of delivering goods and services to a newly targeted market and their distribution. The process of developing an effective market entry strategy requires a firm to carry out a thorough search on potential customers and competitors (Ross Harrad ine 2010). One must also put into consideration possible trade barriers. The firm wishing to invest overseas must therefore have a clearly defined plan on the source of the goods. Proximity of the source of goods to the market is one of the key factors to consider. The cost of obtaining and having the goods delivered to the business should also be considered. Primark must be keen to ensure that the costs incurred in obtaining the goods and delivering them to the market does not exceed the expected gains following the sales of the products. There are a number of market entry strategies that can be used by Primark. The strategies include licensing, turnkey project exporting, joint venture, outsourcing, Greenfield project, Export Processing Zones (EPZs), franchising, alliances, as well as the use of wholly owned ventures (Collins, Kamel Miller 2006). Licensing is the recommended entry strategy for Primark. It requires little involvement and expenses. The strategy is almost similar to franchising. Primark will need to sign an agreement with another firm allowing them to operate under their brand name. However, Primark will be required to closely monitor the firm that they have licensed in order to ensure that the terms of the agreement are being adhered to, as well as to offer technical support to the new business. The strategy is associated with a number of advantages and disadvantages. Merits associated with the strategy include low risk to the parent firm. The licensee contributes capital and sells goods under the licensor’s brand name (Collins et al. 2006). Both parties are also involved in marketing. As a result, the sales volumes go up. Primark may encounter a number of challenges following its move to license another firm to carry out its foreign operations. It will only enjoy limited participation from the agreement. The company may lose control over its brand. Potential returns to Primark from marketing activities are lost to the licensee. There i s also fear that the licensee may develop know-how and become a competitor. Implementation of the Market Entry Strategy Before licensing, it is important that Primark thoroughly investigates the licensee. Having determined the trustworthiness of the licensee, Primark will enter into an agreement with the other firm allowing them to use their brand name for Brazilian operations. Primark will however be required to carefully monitor the activities of licensee in order to secure their own interests (Kilduff Chi 2006). Once the licensor is fully established, employees from Primark will be sent to offer assistance to the licensee. References Babu, V 2012, Industrial engineering in apparel production, Woodhead Pub. India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. Belussi, F Sammarra, A 2010, Business networks in clusters and industrial districts: the governance of the global value chain, Routledge, London. Bravo, L 2008, ‘The devil wears Primark’, British Journalism Review, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 63-68. Cattaneo, O 2010, Global value chains in a post-crisis world: a development perspective, World Bank, Washington, D.C. Collins, M, Kamel, M Miller, K 2006, ‘Beyond the core in retail’, Strategy and Leadership, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 14-18. Jin, B 2005, ‘Global sourcing versus domestic sourcing: implementation of technology, competitive advantage, and performance’, Journal of the Textile Institute, vol. 96, no. 5, pp. 277-286. Jones, B, Temperley, J Lima, A 2009, ‘Corporate reputation in the era of Web 2.0: the case of Primark’, Journal of Marketing Management, vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 927-939. Kilduff, P Chi, T 2006, ‘Longitudinal patterns of comparative advantage in the textile complex’, Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 134-149. Manuj, I 2013, ‘Risk management in global sourcing: comparing the business world and the academic world’, Transportation Journal, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 80-107. MarketLine 2012, MarketLine industry profile: apparel retail in Italy. Web. MarketLine 2013, MarketLine industry profile: apparel retail in Brazil. Web. Nakanishi, N 2007, ‘Free entry, market size, and the optimistic stability’, International Game Theory Review, vol. 9, no. 2, p. 243. Petrou, A 2009, ‘Foreign market entry strategies in retail banking: choosing an entry mode in a landscape of constraints’, Long Range Planning, vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 614-632. Pinto, M Souza, Y 2013, ‘From garment to fashion production: an analysis of the evolution of the apparel industry in Brazil’, BAR Brazilian Administration Review, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 304-322. Porter, M 1990, The competitive advantage of nations, Harvard Business Review, London. Porter, M 2004, Global competitiveness report 2004-2005, Macmillan, Palgrave. Ross, J Harradine, R 2010, ‘Value brands: cheap or trendy?: an investigation into young consumers and supermarket clothing’, J ournal of Fashion Marketing and Management, vol. 14, no. 3, pp.350-366. Utton, M 2006, International competition policy maintaining open markets in the global economy, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.

A year of decision for Germany Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A year of decision for Germany - Essay Example Savage fighting on the eastern front had nearly bled the Wehrmacht white. The Germans’ lightning advance had brought them to the gates of Moscow, where the Red Army delivered a blow that began to turn the tide. The hubris that came in the wake of Germany’s startling early successes now served to delude Hitler and the German High Command at a time when they could least afford to ignore facts. Severe losses, badly stretched supply lines and the Russian winter were proving a deadly combination. â€Å"The opposing armies were exhausted. Yet both continued to overestimate their own strength while underestimating that of their opponents. In the short run, the Soviets paid for the miscalculation; in the long run the Germans paid even more.†Ã‚ ¹ The Resurgent British In the west, after three beleaguered years in which the British were brought to the brink of disaster, 1942 saw the completion of a reorganization that finally had the British Empire’s (Name) 2 militaryforces posed to wage war effectively. The transformation had started from the top, where â€Å"under Churchill’s inspiring leadership, as both prime minister and minister of defense, a carefully articulated hierarchy of committees produced coherent and intelligent policy that translated into effective strategy.†2 The change from Chamberlain’s style of leadership to that of Churchill was remarkable, according to one observer. â€Å"The days of mere ‘coordination’ were over for good and all†¦We were going to get direction, leadership, action with a snap to it.†3 ... direction, leadership, action with a snap to it.†3 One of Churchill’s greatest contributions to the war effort was his wartime diplomacy, which facilitated a vital coordination of military planning among the three new allies: Britain, America and the Soviet Union. Though the tide was beginning to turn in 1942, a collective assessment of the situation among Churchill and his partners led to the realization that the Allies’ land forces were not quite ready to take the field on a broad scale. â€Å"In 1942, even as the skies over Britain brightened immeasurably with the accession of the United States and Russia as allies, the combined Chiefs of Staff agreed that bombing remained vital†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 4 In addition to overwhelming numbers, the alliance produced an unprecedented level of concentration and coordination of power. The Noose Begins to Tighten With the U.S. now officially committed to the war in Europe, the strategic moves (or blunders) that led to Germanyâ⠂¬â„¢s â€Å"year of decision† had come full circle – literally so, because the Third Reich was ringed round by powerful enemies. â€Å"At the beginning of the war’s third year, (Name) 3 the Germans confronted a great worldwide coalition, formidably strengthened by Hitler’s declaration of war on the United States on 11 December 1941.† 5 To make matters worse, the American military leadership decided that Germany would be their first objective, and so the Reich would be the first to bear the full brunt of the Allies’ collective power. â€Å"Despite the fact that war had formally begun for the United States with a devastating Japanese surprise attack in the Pacific, Roosevelt and his allies quickly reaffirmed their commitment to the Germany-first strategy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 6 This â€Å"Germany First† strategy frustrated whatever

Reflection paper on movie Life is Beautiful made by Roberto Benigni Essay

Reflection paper on movie Life is Beautiful made by Roberto Benigni - Essay Example That was until Roberto Benigni came along with his movie life is beautiful and attempted to tell the story of genocide and murder through the eyes of a child narrator and the antics of an adorable, funny and somewhat unhinged father. The movie Life is Beautiful by Roberto Benigni was hailed as a creative and artistic masterpiece by some and criticized by others for trying to trivialize the seriousness, horror and torture that were the engenderment of the holocaust. Nevertheless, it was highly feted and won awards in several categories such as best music, original dramatic score best foreign language and for his role Benigni won the best actor, this is in addition to academy award nominations in directing and best picture. In this movie, Benigni attempts to represent a picture of the holocaust in a comic way, he does this, not by trivializing or even diluting the events as some critics have claimed but by using Guido, who is by nature a comedian who tries to use humor to help his son and himself cope with the evils of the genocide. Plot of the movie is revolved around on Guido a young charismatic and ambitious Jewish Italian who is caught up in the wave of Anti-Semitism that results in him and his wife and son being dragged off to a concentration camp. The main focus of the story is his attempt to shield his son and to some extent himself from the harsh realities of the camp so that he may not suffer psychologically by deceiving him it is a just a game. The movie is divided in two parts, the first is the introduction which sets the background for the plot and introduces the characters in the period before holocaust begun to be felt in Italy, herein; Guido, is as a young man with ambitions of starting a book shop. He is living with his uncle and working as a waiter; he is full of mischief and has an adventurous and comic streak in him that fills that movie with slapstick scenes and jokes that leave the viewer laughing with and at him. He falls in love with a scho ol teacher who is already engaged and manages to steal her form her betrothed by â€Å"rescuing† her in a true quixotic and romantic fashion from her enjoyment party while riding on a horse. They get married and have son and for a period, they lead a peaceful and idyllic life. This is however despite the evidence of segregation and xenophobia that has become more intense with time, shops are covered with signs of â€Å"No Jews Allowed† or Jews and Dogs not allowed†. However even with anti-Semitism all around them, Guido tries to protect his son from the truth by making up all sorts of explanations to show him that the signs meant everything expect what they actually meant. In the second part is when the family comes face to face with

Management and Leadership Styles in Nursing Team Leaders

Management and Leadership Styles in Nursing Team Leaders This assignment will focus on the different management and leadership styles and the benefits and shortfalls will be discussed. Definition of the management and leadership styles will be included along with a brief discussion on trait theories This will be achieved by studying a working nurse team and concentrating on the nurse in charge and how she delegates, leads and organises the team. Firstly, this assignment will look at the different management and leadership styles followed by the analyst on how the nurse in charged relates these management and leadership styles in practice whilst managing a multi- disciplinary team within a hospital ward setting along with a conclusion of what I have learnt observing leadership style and how I was influenced from this form of leadership and how it may effect me in my future practice as qualified nurse According to Marquis Hudson (2000) leadership is a process of persuading and influencing others towards a goal as is composed of a wide variety of roles. .However Bowles And Bowles(2000) Define leadership as an interpersonal relationship of influence the product of personal characteristics rather than mere occupation of managerial positions. it is these personal characteristics which attract enthuse and motivate followers toward organizational goals. Each nurse has their own styles and leadership, their style depends on their values, traits. Characteristic, along with experience it is these individuals that changes began to come about. Trait theory of leadership is based on the assumption that people inherited specificate characteristics traits abilities and skills that make more suitable leaders than others Trait approach tries to identify traits and characteristics to distinguish leaders from followers Marquires and Huston (2006) suggested the great man theory is that people are born to lead and others are born to be led. Doyle and smith (2001) argues that Gandhi along with Napoleon inheritated the great man trait and highlight that they took control when needed .As suggested the term great man and not great woman ,This happened as in those times leadership was considered to be a males job only .Since trait theory was not enough to identify leaders from non leaders new theories of leadership began to appear such as are leaders developed through education and special training along with being learnt from observation and teaching creating the behaviour trait . A nurse leader must have a variety of leadership styles depending on the situation. Leaders are sought after for their expertise in their respective specialties and staff nurses look up to these individuals for guidance. Management is defined as a process about an improvement in knowledge skills, habits and attitudes of the employee in an organisation (sing 2008) Historically management has been given a greater importance in healthcare settings (marquis Huston 2006).However (McCallin2003) states The role of management in the time of Florence Nightingale was authoritarian and focused on rules, hierarchy and systems of punishment or reward to motivate workers. The characteristics of historic management would endeavour autocratic leaders. This type of management may of being accepting in the 19th century but today it no longer reflects the needs or values of the nursing profession Modern health care settings are complex and requires the registered nurse to have the ability to perform a multitude of roles and responsibility requires highly developed skills in decision making ,critical thinking along with the adherence to professional ,moral and legal standards .In addition to these skills leadership and management are considered essential for professional practice all are included in the Nursing Midwifery Council(2008) standards and are required for competent practice .the ability of register nurses to be effective leaders will impact on staff ,resources and setting and achievement of goals .this will in turn have implications for the quality of care Drucker (1999) cited in Weick and Evans(2003) stated todayà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s nurses are graduates who have been described as knowledge workers who want to be led not managed . The word management and leadership are often interchangeable this is based on that they use similar skills bowman1997 and greenwood 1997 effective leadership is critical in any organisation and the key to effective is having the staff focused and working towards achieving the desired goal Convey (2006) argues the view that management is about doing things right and leadership is about doing the right thing student hand book Leaders and managers are not the same though they act in similar ways. A manager is responsible for setting objectives and using resources efficiently. A leader is responsible for motivating a group of people (team) to use their individual skills; therefore leadership is a vital skill of any successful manager There are several different leadership styles Three will be chosen and the advantage and disadvantages will be discussed. Bureaucratic leadership- bureaucratic leaders work by the book and ensures they follow protocols and procedures in accordance to how they are set bureaucratic leaders, expect team members to adhere to the protocols and procedures and follow he rules perfectly . ,this form of leadership can demoralise staff as well as put up barriers when needing to use their own initiative in addition place restraints on any changes that are needed. In acute workplaces where procedures save lives, a bureaucratic management style can help enforce health and safety rules. Autocratic leadership- Autocratic leaders sets objectives and allocates tasks and demands obedience they make as many decisions as possible and seek to have authority and control in decision making .Autocratic leaders tend to respond quickly and effectively and give the task a direction .However research claims that autocratic leaders can be disliked creating lack of faith and trust along with demotivated staff leading to stress within the relationship with work colleagues Marquis and Huston (2006) Democratic leadership à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬democrat leaders encouraged participation in the decision making by consulting team members ,delegating where possible and explaining their decisions along with sharing the responsibility Adaire(2002) Democratic leaders tend to have a good rapour with their team as work colleagues will tell a democratic leader when something has gone wrong. While employees simply hide it from an autocrat .democratic leadership is effective in professional organisations where the emphasis on training, professional and leadership development needs to be optimistic.(tomey 2004) Laizzez-Faire leadership à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Laizzez faire leaders are ones that leaves the employee to get on with their work with little or no interference, By giving the employee freedom it gives them the opportunity to show responsibility and initiative Marquris and Huston (2006)suggest that laizzez-faire leaders only motivate others when requested to do so .This form of leading can be effective if the leader monitors what is being achieved and communicates it back to the team regularly .regrettably ,it can also refer to situations where leaders are not exerting sufficient control I have chosen a nurse that through her compassion and leadership style as inspired me throughout my transition from a healthcare assistant to a student nurse .For the purpose of the confidentiality of this nurse she will be identified as C.B C.B has being a registered nurse for 9 years working in a busy public hospital in many departments including orthopaedic and surgical wards and now currently is a band 6 in the Accident and Emergency Department (A/E) She has decided to advance her knowledge and has undertaken many course .This has enabled her to increase her knowledge to enable her to gain confidence in her leadership role, as a band 6 in the A/E department I was fortunate not only to know C.B as a work colleague but to have the honour to have her as my mentor whilst I was a student in the A/E department. In the A/E department one member of the nursing team is chosen by the ward manager to become co-ordinator .The role involves delegating teams , communicating jobs needed to done, organising bed state in accordance to admission and discharges performing ward round an organisation of staff such as break times .The event being analysed will be communicating jobs from the ward round to different team members and how the coordinator deals with them .Research evidence suggests that an effective manager should have a detailed knowledge of all patient in his/her care and one way to achieve this is by hands on nursing(Douglas;1992, Lles 1997) Prioritizing becomes part of a nurses routine in every day practice (Waterworth 2003 ). Using her management skill of decision making C.B looked at the skill mix of the staff to be able to decide how nursing skills are best used (Humphreys 1996). This can be done by using your clinical judgement of the staff and by looking at the grades of the staff available. McElroy et al (1996) agrees with the using clinical judgement to ensure you make the best use of a nurseà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s time. It should be recognised that skill mix research is vague. There is research on this area but it mainly looks at grade mix rather than skill mix (Spilsbury and Meyer 2005). One could question skill is more than just a grade, as the grade of the person does not always reflect the experience of the person. C.B had to break the tasks down. Ensuring she makes sufficient use of the skill mix available to ensure that adequate staff fulfils the tasks to ensure the quality of patient care give n is of the highest standard. From a management point this is a very important decision to make as it means that you can try to get the best out of your staff and that it is a way of ensuring all your tasks get complete and the management of clinical risk is not affected (Smith and Valentine 1999). This was achieved by using delegation skills. Delegation is the process from which responsibility for performing a task is transferred to another person who accepts responsibility for the task. Although Delegation is the process from which responsibility for performing a task is transferred to another person who accepts responsibility for the task. But although you have asked someone else to do the task overall the person delegating the task is still actually accountable (Sullivan and Decker 2005) NMC 2008 Delegation is an important management process and allow organization and leadership to function through others .Ellis and Hartley (2004) . Delegating a task to others have been found to be challenging for some nurses Hansen and Washburn (1996) As C.B has being allocated to be shift coordinator she needed to participate in regular ward round that occurred within the A/E department in addition to have control of any emergency situation that was happening within the A/E . During the ward round the C.B as the co-ordinator employs a bureaucratic approach as she is with the consultant and junior doctors In this situation she must ensure that everything is done correctly both by herself as well as the consultant and junior doctors After completion of the ward round C.B handed over to the relevant nurses the information that had been discussed during the ward round .There has been a lot of research on handovers which have looked at the contents Hesse (1983) Liukkonen (1993) and McMahon (1990), duration Matthews (1986), Sherlock (1995) Thurgood (1995). This literature all conclude that handovers. influences the delivery of care efficient handovers mean better patient care. Meisser et al (2007) suggested that leadership may be the one quality needed to improve handover Research conducted by Sexton et al (2004) argues that not all the relevant information is discussed during handover, preventing the delivery of care. Yet again C.B delegates ,jobs that have be ing requested on the ward round .in this situation she employs the transactional form of leadership style as she needs to ensure that all the correct information has been passed on and that the nurses looking after the appropriate team get the jobs done effectively and efficiently .This means the staff of the delegated teams agree to do the job request and do not changed any aspect of the job required .After delegating the new jobs to her staff the C.B than adopts a laissez-faire approach and allows the nurses to get on with their own jobs .However ,communication was still essential in the laissez-faire approach and the C.B regularly calls staff into an area to handover and update herself on the jobs being done ensuring the original job that was requested to herself on the ward round was being carried out. By means of discussing the handover with the delegated nurse C.B allowed them to put themselves forward for the patient Involving her work colleagues allow them to be involved in patient care this form of delegation can be highlighted from a democratic leader An emergency call came through to the A/E and C.B responsibility was to ensure the correct emergency team would be present for when the patient arrived C.B was in control due to her knowledge and was able to identify follow out this task as a leader of this emergency call C.B made decisions for the group .This type of leadership is autocratic and is appropriate when a dealing in emergency situations Research by Greenwood (1997 ) has found that leaders should adopt the style in which they find most comfortable to be an effective leader. Leadership styles vary according to various situations. One leadership style may be ineffective where another one is extremely successful. we are now able to see that leaders vary according to situations and their traits. Leaders are able to express themselves fully Bennis.(1998) they also know what they want and why they want it and how to communicate what they want in order to gain cooperation and support achieving goals to be met Bennis (1998) states leaders can find way to make a difference All nurse are in a position to become change agent but most importantly nurse leaders have the greatest influence on changed. The nurse act as the change agent when assisting patients in changing or altered behaviour .kozier et al (2000) states nurse often act to make changes in the system ,such as clinical care along with helping patient return back to good health. According to Marquis and Huston (2000) what distinguishes a successful changed agent is a person skilled in theory and implementation of planned changed to deal appropriately with these changes and connect all organisations that will be effected by the changed. This is achieved by means of good leadership and management skills

Seven Sisters of India

Seven Sister States From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search For the book by Aglaja Stirn and Peter Van Ham, see The Seven Sisters of India. The Seven Sister States of India The Seven Sister States are a region in northeastern India, comprising the contiguous states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, and Tripura. The region had a population of 38. 6 million in 2000, about 3. 8 percent of India's total. There is great ethnic and religious diversity within the seven states. For most of their history, they were independent, and their complete integration with India came about only during the British Raj. Most of the seven sister states are on the Eurasian Plate. (Excluding Southwest Meghalaya and the extreme west of Assam) [1] Contents[hide] * 1 The Seven States * 2 History * 3 Ethnic and religious composition * 4 Natural resources * 5 Interdependence * 6 Origin of the sobriquet * 7 See also * 8 References * 9 External links | [edit] The Seven States State| Capital| Arunachal Pradesh| Itanagar| Assam| Dispur| Manipur| Imphal| Meghalaya| Shillong| Mizoram| Aizawl| Nagaland| Kohima| Tripura| Agartala| [edit] History When India became independent from the United Kingdom in 1947, only three states covered the area. Manipur and Tripura were princely states, while a much larger Assam Province was under direct British rule. Its capital was Dispur. Four new states were carved out of the original territory of Assam in the decades following independence, in line with the policy of the Indian government of reorganizing the states along ethnic and linguistic lines. Accordingly, Nagaland became a separate state in 1963, followed by Meghalaya in 1972. Mizoram became a Union Territory in 1972, and achieved statehood – along with Arunachal Pradesh – in 1987. [edit] Ethnic and religious composition Except for Assam, where the major languages are Assamese and Bengali, and Tripura, where the major language is Bengali, the region has a predominantly tribal population that speak numerous Tibeto-Burman and Austro-Asiatic languages. Hinduism and Christianity are the predominant religions in this region. The proliferation of Christianity among the Seven Sister States sets it apart from the rest of India. The work of Christian missionaries in the area has led to large scale conversion of the tribal population. Christians now comprise the majority of the population in Nagaland, Mizoram and Meghalaya and sizeable minority in Manipur and Arunachal Pradesh. The bigger states of Assam and Tripura, however, have remained predominantly Hindu, with a sizeable Muslim minority in Assam. [edit] Natural resources Main industries in the region are tea-based, crude oil and natural gas, silk, bamboo and handicrafts. The states are heavily forested and have plentiful rainfall. There are beautiful wildlife sanctuaries, tea-estates and mighty rivers like Brahmaputra. The region is home to one-horned rhinoceros, elephants and other endangered wildlife. For security reasons, including inter-tribal tensions, widespread insurgencies, and disputed borders with neighbouring China, there are restrictions on foreigners visiting the area, hampering the development of the potentially profitable tourism industry. edit] Interdependence The landlocked Northeastern region of the country comprises seven separate states whose geographical and practical needs of development underscore their need to thrive and work together. A compact geographical unit, the Northeast is isolated from the rest of India except through the Siliguri Corridor, a slender and vulnerable corridor, flanked by alien territories. Assam is the gateway through which the sister states are connected to the mainland. Tripura, a virtual enclave almost surrounded by Bangladesh, strongly depends on Assam. Nagaland, Meghalaya and Arunachal depend on Assam for their internal communications. Manipur and Mizoram's contacts with the main body of India are through Assam's Barak Valley. Raw material requirements also make the states mutually dependent. All rivers in Assam's plains originate in Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland and western Meghalaya. Manipur's rivers have their sources in Nagaland and Mizoram; the hills also have rich mineral and forest resources. Petroleum is found in the plains. The plains depend on the hills also on vital questions like flood control. A correct strategy to control floods in the plains calls for soil conservation and afforestation in the hills. The hills depend on the plains for markets for their produce. They depend on the plains even for food grains because of limited cultivable land in the hills. To provide a forum for collaboration towards common objectives, the Indian government established the North Eastern Council in 1971. Each state is represented by its Governor and Chief Minister. The Council has enabled the Seven Sister States to work together on numerous matters, including the provision of educational facilities and electric supplies to the region. [edit] Origin of the sobriquet The sobriquet, the Land of Seven Sisters, had been originally coined, coinciding with the inauguration of the new states in January, 1972, by Jyoti Prasad Saikia, a journalist in Tripura in course of a radio talk. Saikia later compiled a book on the interdependence and commonness of the Seven Sister States, and named it the Land of Seven Sisters. It has been primarily because of this publication that the sobriquet has caught on.

Effects of Guilt in Crime and Punishment Essay

Guilt is a force in all that has the ability to bring people to insanity. When guilt becomes great enough, the effects it has on people go much deeper than the surface. People’s minds and body’s are overpowered by the guilt that consumes them every second they live with their burden. The devastating effects of guilt are portrayed vividly in Dostoevsky’s fictional but all to real novel Crime and Punishment. In the story, the main character Raskolnikov commits a murder and suffers with the guilt throughout. Eventually his own guilt destroys himself and he is forced to confess. Through Raskolnikov, Dostoevsky bestows on the reader how guilt destroys Raskolnikov’s physical and mental well being, which, in time, leads to complete alienation from society. When one suffers with a great deal of guilt, their physical health quickly deteriorates. Raskolnikov’s physical suffering begins shortly after the murder with delusions and nonsense ravings while constantly drifting in and out of reality. He often goes into a state of â€Å"not completely unconscious† but is in a â€Å"feverish state, sometimes delirious, sometimes half conscious†(98) while blaming it on his previous sickness. Raskolnikov is being destroyed by his guilt. He is unable to physically live in society while he has such a burden constantly looming over him. When in the police station, Raskolnikov hears talk of the murders and with just a reminder of his crime, he quickly becomes weak. When he â€Å"recovered consciousness†(88) the men at the station undoubtedly notice his illness and point out that â€Å"he can barely stand upright.†(89) His guilt has driven him to a serious state of sickness. He can no longer function normally or even keep consciousness when he is reminded of his crime. Raskolnikov can no longer function normally because his guilt has destroyed is physical capabilities so drastically. The mental abilities of a person are stifled when they are suffering with a great deal of guilt. Along with his physical health, Raskolnikov’s mental health quickly deteriorates following the murder. He is in a constant state of mental delirium and has constant ravings that are very irrational.  However, Raskolnikov’s true state is shown when Razumihin tells him â€Å"You are delirious you know!† and Raskolnikov’s response is a bold â€Å"No I am not!†(93) Even though Raskolnikov is in a state of delirium, his problem is so serious because he is totally oblivious to his state and completely denies it when wise, rational men tell him that he is. Raskolnikov’s guilt has taken him from a wise, educated, scholar to being incapable of rational thought. As the story progresses, the guilt becomes increasingly heavier on Raskolnikov’s mind. Others begin to notice this to including Petrovich who describes Raskolnikov as a â€Å"moth near a candle† who will keep â€Å"circling around [him], circling around [him]† all the time â€Å"narrowing the radius more and more, and-whop!†(352) Petrovich is aware of Raskolnikov’s state and he knows that Raskolnikov cannot live with his guilt. He knows like a moth around a candle that it is only a matter of time before the guilt is unbearable and Raskolnikov will have to confess everything. Raskolnikov’s guilt becomes his biggest enemy as it continues to break down his mind and leads him away from normal society. As Raskolnikov becomes torn apart by his guilt, he begins to separate himself from society which leads to complete alienation from everybody. He becomes a man that is so different from everyone around him that he no longer belongs. With â€Å"a sweep of his arm†(96), a drastic realization falls on Raskolnikov as he flings the coin into the water. â€Å"It seemed to him, he had cut himself off from everyone and everything at that moment.†(96) Raskolnikov no longer puts value on what his society values the highest. He is terribly poor and hungry, but throws twenty cockpeckcs into the river and thus destroying any ties he still had with society. Because of his alienation, Raskolnikov is no longer able to express his feelings and emotions with anybody. When Raskolnikov claims of hearing things, Natasha tells him that â€Å"it’s the blood crying in [his] ears.†(96) Unknowingly, she realizes his disconnection from society as she tells him â€Å"when there is no outlet for it and it gets clotted, [he] begins fancying things.†(96) The blood in his ears is a metaphor for his alienation and how when there is no outlet, meaning he has no one to talk to, it clots and he imagines things, which is his state of delirium. As Raskolnikov becomes detached from society, he begins to make his own world in his head where his ideals are  his deciding factors. He even has reason for murder. He convinces himself that â€Å"it wasn’t a human being [he] killed† but rather he believes â€Å"it was a principle!†(223) Raskolnikov believes he has become the world’s superman and truly done a good deed by riding the world of an â€Å"illness†(223) to society. By this point, Raskolnikov has no ties to society as he has created his own value system and believes he has a license to kill. Raskolnikov’s guilt changes him such that he breaks away from society, which snowballs into him being completely alienated with no one who thinks on an equal level. Guilt is the main factor that drives Raskolnikov to insanity which leads to his alienation. Guilt attacks his physical heath making him drift in and out of consciousness, which makes him no longer function normally in society. During this, his mind is being consistently deteriorated by the guilt causing irrational thought. Raskolnikov eventually becomes alienated from society as he no longer thinks or acts like the people around him. Raskolnikov does not improve until he confesses and takes the consequences does he return to normal. Through Raskolnikov, Dostoevsky brilliantly shows the power that guilt truly has on a person.

Horizontal Integration - 6633 Words

EUROPEAN COMMISSION Competition DG Information, communication and multimedia Media Vertical and horizontal integration in the media sector and EU competition law Miguel Mendes Pereira* â€Å"The ICT and Media Sectors within the EU Policy Framework† U.L.B.-SMIT (Studies on Media, Information and Telecommunications) CEAS-Norwegian School of Management, Oslo Telenor Broadcast Brussels, 7 April 2003 OUTLINE Introduction I. Convergence and integration 1. Technical convergence 2. Economic convergence 3. Efficiencies II. Competition issues 1. The competitive arena 2. Foreclosure 3. The dominance test III. Vertical integration 1. 2. 3. 4. The gate-keeper issue Foreclosure of input markets Leveraging Network effects IV. Horizontal†¦show more content†¦In order to have an idea of the recent increase in the price for audio-visual contents it is sufficient to compare, for example, the price paid for broadcasting rights of the Football World Cups of 1990, 1994 and 1998 – 241 million ECU – with the price paid for the same rights in respect of the World Cups of 2002 and 2006 – 1,7 billion Euro. Only large companies seem to be able to afford such astronomical costs. 2 â€Å"Vertical and horizontal integration in the media sector and EU competition law† - M. Mendes Pereira In face of economic barriers of such dimension, media companies have shown a trend towards concentration. 3. Efficiencies What appeared to be particularly new about these alliances and mergers in the media industry was the search of not only the traditional economies of scale but, above all, the search of economies of scope. This translated into an attempt to use the same product in a number of different ways: pure entertainment and telecommunication, or entertainment and information, or information and telecommunication. From an economic point of view, economies of scope basically translate in lower Average Total Costs as a result of producing a wide range of products. The main feature of this type of concentrations is the vertical integration of the different levels of production and distribution of media products that leads to companies which are ableShow MoreRelatedHorizontal And Vertical Integration For A Profitable Business Model1251 Words   |  6 PagesHorizontal Vertical I ntegration to Compete Porter’s five forces provide a methodology to evaluate the external markets. Its consideration of substitutes, threats and power of buyer and supplier assists with the development of an integration strategy. 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